Beddelaha Tuubada Transformer-ka

Qalabka nidaamiya danabka ee qalabka wax lagu beddelo waxa loo qaybiyaa qalabka nidaamiya danabka "off-excitation" ee qalabka wax lagu beddelo iyo qalabka wax lagu beddelo ee "on-load" ee qalabka wax lagu beddelo.

Labaduba waxay tilmaamayaan habka nidaaminta danabka ee beddelka tuubada transformer-ka, markaa waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya labada?

① Beddelaha tuubada "off-excitation" waa inuu beddelo tuubada dhinaca danab sare leh ee transformer-ka si uu u beddelo saamiga wareegyada ee wareegga loogu talagalay nidaaminta danabyada marka labada dhinac ee koowaad iyo kuwa labaad ee transformer-ka laga gooyo korontada.

② Beddelaha tuubada "Marka la rarayo": Iyada oo la adeegsanayo beddelka tuubada ee saaran, tuubada wareegga isbeddelka ayaa la beddelaa si loo beddelo wareegyada danabka sare si loo xakameeyo danabka iyada oo aan la jarin qulqulka culayska.

Farqiga u dhexeeya labada ayaa ah in beddelka tuubada ka baxsan kicinta uusan lahayn awood uu ku beddelo geerka culayska, sababtoo ah nooca beddelka tuubada wuxuu leeyahay hab-socod go'itaan muddo gaaban ah inta lagu jiro habka wareejinta geerka. Kala goynta qulqulka culayska waxay sababi doontaa in la isku xidho xiriirada oo ay dhaawacdo beddelka tuubada. Beddelaha tuubada saaran wuxuu leeyahay kala-guur iska caabin xad dhaaf ah inta lagu jiro habka beddelka geerka, sidaa darteed ma jiro hab-socod go'itaan muddo gaaban ah. Marka laga beddelayo hal geer una beddelayo mid kale, ma jiro hab-socod go'itaan marka la kala gooyo qulqulka culayska. Guud ahaan waxaa loo isticmaalaa beddelka leh shuruudaha danabka adag ee u baahan in si joogto ah loo hagaajiyo.

Maadaama qalabka "ku-shuban" ee beddelaha taangiga ee "transformer-ka" uu ku guuleysan karo shaqada nidaaminta danabka ee xaaladda hawlgalka ee qalabka, maxaad u dooran lahayd qalabka "ka-shuban" ee beddelaha taangiga? Dabcan, sababta ugu horreysa waa qiimaha. Xaaladaha caadiga ah, qiimaha qalabka ka-shuban Taabo Beddelaha Transformer waa 2/3 qiimaha qalabka beddelidda tuubada ee la raro; isla markaana, mugga qalabka beddelidda tuubada ee la raro aad ayuu u yar yahay sababtoo ah ma laha qaybta qalabka beddelidda tuubada ee la raro. Sidaa darteed, haddii aysan jirin xeerar ama duruufo kale, qalabka beddelidda tuubada ee la raro ayaa la dooran doonaa.

Maxaad u dooran lahayd qalabka beddeli kara taabashooyinka ee ku shaqeeya transformer-ka? Waa maxay shaqada?
① Hagaaji heerka u qalmidda danabka.
Gudbinta korontada ee shabakadda qaybinta nidaamka korontada waxay dhalisaa khasaaro, qiimaha khasaaruhuna waa kan ugu yar oo keliya meel u dhow danabka la qiimeeyay. Hirgelinta nidaaminta danabka la saarayo, had iyo jeer ilaalinta danabka baska saldhigga hoose ee u-qalma, iyo ka dhigista qalabka korontada mid ku shaqeeya xaaladda danabka la qiimeeyay waxay yareyn doontaa khasaaraha, taas oo ah tan ugu dhaqaale badan uguna macquulsan. Heerka u-qalmitaanka danabka waa mid ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha muhiimka ah ee tayada korontada. Nidaaminta danabka la saarayo ee waqtiga ku habboon waxay hubin kartaa heerka u-qalmitaanka danabka, taasoo dabooli karta baahiyaha nolosha dadka iyo wax soo saarka warshadaha iyo beeraha.

② Hagaaji awoodda magdhowga awoodda falgalka ah iyo kordhinta heerka gelinta capacitor-ka.
Iyada oo ah qalab magdhow koronto oo falgal ah, wax soo saarka korontada falgalka ah ee kaabsoolayaasha korontada waxay la mid tahay labajibbaaranaha danabka hawlgalka. Marka danabka hawlgalka ee nidaamka korontada uu hoos u dhaco, saameynta magdhowgu way yaraataa, marka danabka shaqayntu kordhana, qalabka korontada ayaa la magdhabaa, taasoo keenta in danabka terminalku uu kordho, xitaa uu ka sarreeyo heerka, taasoo si fudud u dhaawacda dahaarka qalabka iyo sababta.
Shilalka qalabka. Si looga hortago in awoodda falgalka ah dib loogu celiyo nidaamka korontada iyo in qalabka magdhowga awoodda falgalka ah uu naafo noqdo, taasoo keenta khasaare iyo luminta aaladaha awoodda falgalka ah oo kordha, badhanka tuubada ugu weyn ee transformer-ka waa in la hagaajiyaa waqtigeeda si loo hagaajiyo danabka baska ilaa heerka u-qalma, si aan loo baahnayn in la joojiyo magdhowga capacitor-ka.

Sidee loo shaqeeyaa nidaaminta danab-ka-qaadista?
Hababka nidaaminta danabka ee saaran culayska waxaa ka mid ah nidaaminta danabka korontada iyo nidaaminta danabka gacanta.

Nuxurka habaynta danabka culayska saaran waa in la hagaajiyo danabka iyadoo la hagaajinayo saamiga isbeddelka ee dhinaca danabka sare halka danabka dhinaca danabka hoose uusan isbeddelin. Dhammaanteen waan ognahay in dhinaca danabka sare uu guud ahaan yahay danabka nidaamka, danabka nidaamkuna guud ahaan waa mid joogto ah. Marka tirada leexashada ee ku socota leexashada dhinaca danabka sare la kordhiyo (taasi waa, saamiga isbeddelka la kordhiyo), danabka dhinaca danabka hoose ayaa yaraan doona; lidkeeda, marka tirada leexashada ee ku socota leexashada dhinaca danabka sare la dhimo (taasi waa, saamiga isbeddelka la dhimo), danabka dhinaca danabka hoose ayaa kordhi doona. Taasi waa:

Kordhinta wareegyada = hoos u dhigga = dhimista danabka Wareegyada yaraynta = kor u beddelka = kordhinta danabka
Haddaba, xaaladdee ayuu transformer-ku ku shaqayn karaa beddelka qasabadaha ee saaran?
① Marka transformer-ku uu culays badan yahay (marka laga reebo xaalado gaar ah)
② Marka qalabka xakamaynta danabka ee culayska saaran la hawlgeliyo digniinta gaaska iftiinka
③ Marka iska caabbinta cadaadiska saliidda ee qalabka xakamaynta danabka ee culayska saaran uusan u qalmin ama uusan saliid ku jirin calaamadda saliidda
④ Marka tirada xakamaynta danabku ay ka badato tirada la cayimay
⑤ Marka qalabka xakamaynta danabku uu yahay mid aan caadi ahayn

Maxay xad-dhaafka xad-dhaafka ahi sidoo kale u xidhaa beddelka tuubada ee saaran?
Tani waa sababta oo ah xaaladaha caadiga ah, inta lagu jiro habka nidaaminta danabka ee ku jira transformer-ka ugu weyn, waxaa jira farqi danab oo u dhexeeya isku xidhaha ugu weyn iyo tuubada bartilmaameedka ah, kaas oo dhaliya hadda wareegaya. Sidaa darteed, inta lagu jiro habka nidaaminta danabka, iska caabin ayaa si barbar socda loogu xiraa si looga gudbo hadda wareegaysa iyo hadda culayska. Iska caabinta barbar socota waxay u baahan tahay inay u adkaysato hadda weyn.

Marka qalabka korontada lagu shubo culays xad dhaaf ah, qulqulka shaqada ee qalabka ugu weyn wuxuu dhaafaa heerka la qiimeeyay ee qalabka tuubada lagu shubo, kaas oo gubi kara isku xidhka qalabka tuubada lagu shubo.

Sidaa darteed, si looga hortago dhacdada qalooca ee beddelka tuubada, waa mamnuuc in la sameeyo nidaaminta danabka culayska saaran marka beddelka ugu weyn uu buux dhaafo. Haddii nidaaminta danabka lagu qasbo, qalabka nidaaminta danabka culayska saaran ayaa gubi kara, gaaska culayska waa la hawlgelin karaa, badhanka beddelka ugu weynna waa la qalloocin karaa.